Unit 2 , India is my country notes || Class 4 || EVS

1. Q: Who were the main foreigners who came to India and settled for a long time?

A: The main foreigners were the British. Before them, Portuguese, Dutch, and French also came to India.

2. Q: Why did these foreigners come to India?

A: They came to trade in spices, silk, cotton, and other valuable goods.

3. Q: What was the main reason India was attractive to foreigners?

A: India was rich in natural resources, had a good climate, and its people were skilled in crafts and trade.

4. Q: How did the British gain control over India?

A: The British first came for trade .  Later, they took advantage of India’s internal conflicts and slowly took control.

5. Q: How long did the British rule India?

A: The British ruled India for almost 200 years, from 1757 to 1947.

6. Q: What was the effect of their rule on India?

A: India lost its freedom, resources were taken away, and Indian industries suffered. 

7. Q: When did India become free from British rule?

A: India became independent on 15th August 1947.

Salt Satyagraha

1. Q: What is Salt Satyagraha?

A: Salt Satyagraha was a non-violent protest against the British salt tax, led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930.

2. Q: When did the Salt Satyagraha begin?

A: It began on 12th March 1930.

3. Q: Who was the leader of the Salt Satyagraha?

A: Mahatma Gandhi was the main leader.

4. Q: What is the meaning of 'Satyagraha'?

A: Satyagraha means holding on to truth.

5. Q: What was the main reason behind this protest?

A: The British had put a tax on salt, which was unfair because salt is a basic need for everyone.

6. Q: Why did Gandhi choose salt as a symbol?

A: Salt is used by all people, rich or poor. Choosing salt showed unity and strength of common people.

7. Q: What is the Dandi March?

A: The Dandi March was a 388 km walk from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, where Gandhi made salt from sea water.

8. Q: How long did the Dandi March take?

A: It took 24 days, from March 12 to April 6, 1930.

9. Q: What was the result of Salt Satyagraha?

A: It inspired many Indians to join the freedom movement. It also gained attention worldwide and showed the power of non-violence.

Quit India Movement

1. Q: When did the Quit India Movement take place?

A: It began on 8th August 1942.

2. Q: Who launched the Quit India Movement?

A: Mahatma Gandhi launched it during the Congress meeting in Bombay.

3. Q: What was the main slogan of the Quit India Movement?

A: The main slogan was “Do or Die”.

4. Q: What does the slogan “Do or Die” mean?

A: It means we will either win our freedom or die trying, but we will not accept slavery.

5. Q: Who presented the Quit India resolution?

A: The resolution was presented by Jawaharlal Nehru

6. Q: Why is the Quit India Movement important?

A: It showed that Indians were united and ready to fight for complete freedom. It increased pressure on the British to leave India.

7. Q: What happened after the movement began?

A: Many leaders, including Gandhi, were arrested, but protests spread across the country.

Mahatma Gandhi

1. What is the full name of Mahatma Gandhi?

A: His full name is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.

2. Q: When and where was Mahatma Gandhi born?

A: He was born on 2nd October 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat, India.

3. Q: What was Mahatma Gandhi’s profession?

A: He was a lawyer by profession.

4. Q: Why is Mahatma Gandhi called “Bapu”?

A: He is lovingly called “Bapu”, meaning father, because he is known as the Father of the Nation.

5. Q: What kind of life did Gandhi live?

A: He believed in simple living and high thinking. He wore simple clothes, ate simple food, and lived a humble life.

6. Q: What were the two main principles followed by Mahatma Gandhi?

A: He followed truth (Satya) and non-violence (Ahimsa).

7. Q: How did Mahatma Gandhi become the leader of India’s freedom struggle?

A: Through his peaceful movements like Non-Cooperation, Dandi March, and Quit India Movement, he led the people of India against British rule.

8. Q: What was Gandhi's role in India’s freedom?

A: He united millions of Indians and led them in a peaceful fight to gain independence from the British.

9.When did Mahatma Gandhi die?

A: He died on 30th January 1948.

1. Q: What is the full name of Mahatma Gandhi?

A: His full name is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.

2. Q: When was Mahatma Gandhi born?

A: He was born on 2nd October 1869.

3. Q: Where was Mahatma Gandhi born?

A: He was born in Porbandar, a town in Gujarat.

4. Q: What was the name of Gandhiji’s father?

A: His father's name was Karamchand Gandhi.

5. Q: What was the name of Gandhiji’s mother?

A: His mother's name was Putlibai 

6. Q: What was Gandhiji's profession?

A: He was a lawyer.

7. Q: What is the name of Gandhiji’s autobiography?

A: It is called "The Story of My Experiments with Truth".

8. Q: What values did Gandhiji strongly believe in?

A: He believed in truth (Satya) and non-violence (Ahimsa).

1. Q: What was the Non-Cooperation Movement?

A: It was a movement started by Gandhiji in 1920 to boycott British goods, schools, and laws peacefully.

2. Q: What is the Salt Satyagraha or Dandi March?

A: In 1930, Gandhiji led a march from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi to make salt and protest the British salt tax.

3. Q: What was the Quit India Movement?

A: It was a mass protest launched in 1942, where Gandhiji gave the slogan “Do or Die”, demanding the British to leave India immediately.

4. Q: What was the Champaran Movement?

A: In 1917, Gandhiji helped farmers in Champaran, Bihar, who were forced by British planters to grow indigo. It was his first successful movement in India.

5. Q: Why are these movements important?

A: These movements united Indians and brought them together in a peaceful way to fight against British rule, helping India gain independence in 1947

🧂 Short Description – Salt Satyagraha

Salt Satyagraha was a peaceful protest led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930 against the British tax on salt. Indians were not allowed to make their own salt and had to buy it from the British at a high price. Gandhi decided to protest this law by marching from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, a village on the seashore, where he made salt from sea water. This movement became a symbol of courage, unity, and India's fight for freedom.

🟠  Match the following:

Column A Column B

1. Quit India Movement a. 8th August 1942

2. Bombay Session b. Mahatma Gandhi

3. "Do or Die" c. Complete freedom from British

4. Gandhi d. Place where resolution passed

5. Goal of the movement e. Slogan of the movement

6. Q: What was Gandhiji's profession?

A: He was a lawyer.

7. Q: What is the name of Gandhiji’s autobiography?

A: It is called "The Story of My Experiments with Truth".

8. Q: What values did Gandhiji strongly believe in?

A: He believed in truth (Satya) and non-violence (Ahimsa).

Jawaharlal Nehru

Q: What is the full name of Jawaharlal Nehru?

A: His full name is Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.

2. Q: When was Jawaharlal Nehru born?

A: He was born on 14th November 1889.

3. Q: Where was Nehru born?

A: He was born in Allahabad, in present-day Uttar Pradesh, India.

4. Q: Who was Jawaharlal Nehru’s father?

A: His father was Motilal Nehru, a well-known lawyer and leader.

5. Q: What was Nehru’s profession before entering politics?

A: He was a lawyer, educated in England.

6. Q: What role did Jawaharlal Nehru play in Indian history?

A: He became the first Prime Minister of independent India in 1947.

7. Q: Why is Nehru called “Chacha Nehru”?

A: Because of his love for children, children affectionately called him Chacha Nehru.

8. Q: When is Children’s Day celebrated in India?

A: It is celebrated on 14th November, Nehru’s birthday, to honor his love for children.

9. Q: What is the name of Jawaharlal Nehru’s autobiography?

A: His autobiography is titled “An Autobiography” or sometimes called “Toward Freedom”.

10. Q: When did Jawaharlal Nehru die?

A: He died on 27th May 1964.